Model Bisnis B2B Berorientasi Developer pada Backend as a Service: Studi Literatur tentang Build versus Buy

Abstrak

This study aims to analyze the value proposition of B2B Backendas-a-Service (BaaS) and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) as modern alternatives to traditional in-house backend development. Utilizing a qualitative-descriptive library research methodology based on Scopus-indexed literature published between 2010 and 2026, this study examines the operational efficiency and strategic agility offered by BaaS and API solutions. The findings indicate that abstracting backend infrastructure complexity significantly reduces the total cost of ownership through pay-as-you-go pricing models, accelerates time-to-market, and provides elastic cloud-native scalability, enabling engineering teams to focus resources on core product innovation. Adoption decision criteria vary by organizational scale: startups prioritize rapid prototyping and initial cost efficiency, whereas large enterprises demand high customization, managed security, strict governance compliance, and the leverage of APIs for digital ecosystem creation. Although BaaS platforms deliver high returns on investment, this study identifies critical research gaps regarding direct comparative evaluations of long-term security vulnerabilities and the complexities of migrating from legacy systems. Practically, adopting BaaS and APIs serves as an effective strategic solution, although organizations must carefully assess the risks associated with vendor lock-in and infrastructure integration.